Thermal management system design plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety, prolonging the cycle life, and enhancing the energy efficiency of Li-ion battery power systems. Among the existing cooling techniques, single-phase immersion liquid cooling emerges as a promising solution for high-power battery thermal management. In an effort to further augment the efficacy of immersion cooling, this study introduces straightforward and economical designs incorporating baffle plates and diversion orifices, aiming to regulate the coolant flow path within the battery module. Our findings underscore that the battery module layouts exhibited significant impacts on the efficacy of thermal management. Furthermore, the integration of 4 baffle plates could reduce the battery temperature by 1.1 K accounting for 15.8% of the maximum temperature rise, albeit at the expense of an elevated pressure drop. The strategic placement of diversion orifices on the upper plate effectively mitigates the hot spot and flow dead zone induced by the baffle plates and concurrently diminishes the pressure drop. A further 13% decrease was observed when orifices were integrated on the upper plate. Such modifications synergistically optimize the overall thermal management performance.

Immersion cooling; Li-ion battery; Baffle plate; Diversion orifices